Belajar Tailwind CSS #10 Hover, fokus, dan status lainnya part 3
Ahmad Dika Zulfahmi
28 Maret 2025
1. Responsive Breakpoints (Tampilan Responsif)
Tailwind menyediakan kelas md, lg, dll., untuk mengubah gaya elemen berdasarkan ukuran layar.
Contoh:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Tailwind CSS</title>
<script src="https://cdn.tailwindcss.com"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css">
</head>
<body>
<div class="grid grid-cols-3 md:grid-cols-4 lg:grid-cols-6">
<!-- Akan menjadi 3 kolom di mobile, 4 kolom di tablet, dan 6 kolom di desktop -->
</div>
</body>
</html>
Jika ingin menyesuaikan ukuran elemen berdasarkan lebar elemen induk (bukan lebar layar), gunakan @md atau @lg:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Tailwind CSS</title>
<script src="https://cdn.tailwindcss.com"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css">
</head>
<body>
<div class="@container">
<div class="flex flex-col @md:flex-row">
<!-- Pada mode kecil, tampil vertikal, tapi di mode lebih besar akan horizontal -->
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
2. prefers-color-scheme (Mode Gelap/Terang Otomatis)
Tailwind mendukung dark mode berdasarkan preferensi sistem pengguna.
Tanpa varian apa pun = warna untuk mode terang
Menggunakan dark: = warna untuk mode gelap
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Tailwind CSS</title>
<script src="https://cdn.tailwindcss.com"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css">
</head>
<body>
<div class="bg-white dark:bg-gray-900">
<h3 class="text-gray-900 dark:text-white">Teks ini berubah sesuai mode</h3>
</div>
</body>
</html>
berikut hasilnya:
3. prefers-reduced-motion (Meminimalkan Animasi)
Beberapa pengguna memilih mengurangi animasi karena alasan kenyamanan atau aksesibilitas.
Gunakan motion-reduce:hidden untuk menyembunyikan animasi jika pengguna memilih mode "reduce motion".
Gunakan motion-safe:... untuk menerapkan animasi hanya jika motion tidak dikurangi.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Tailwind CSS</title>
<script src="https://cdn.tailwindcss.com"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css">
</head>
<body>
<!-- Sembunyikan animasi jika pengguna meminta motion reduction -->
<button class="motion-reduce:hidden animate-spin">
Loading...
</button>
<!-- Terapkan animasi hanya jika motion tidak dikurangi -->
<button class="motion-safe:transition motion-safe:hover:-translate-x-0.5">
Save changes
</button>
</body>
</html>
berikut hasilnya:
4. prefers-contrast (Mode Kontras Tinggi/Rendah)
Pengguna mungkin memilih mode kontras tinggi untuk meningkatkan keterbacaan.
Gunakan contrast-more:... untuk menyesuaikan elemen saat mode kontras tinggi diaktifkan.
Gunakan contrast-less:... untuk mode kontras rendah.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Tailwind CSS</title>
<script src="https://cdn.tailwindcss.com"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css">
</head>
<body>
<input class="border-gray-200 contrast-more:border-gray-400">
<p class="opacity-10 contrast-more:opacity-100">
Teks ini lebih jelas di mode kontras tinggi.
</p>
</body>
</html>
berikut hasilnya:
5. forced-colors (Warna Paksa dari Sistem)
Beberapa sistem operasi memungkinkan pengguna mengganti warna antarmuka dengan palet warna paksa.
Gunakan forced-colors:... untuk menyesuaikan tampilan jika mode ini aktif.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Tailwind CSS</title>
<script src="https://cdn.tailwindcss.com"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css">
</head>
<body>
<input type="radio" class="appearance-auto forced-colors:appearance-none">
</body>
</html>
berikut hasilnya:
6. orientation (Tampilan Portrait/Landscape)
Kita bisa menampilkan atau menyembunyikan elemen berdasarkan orientasi layar.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Tailwind CSS</title>
<script src="https://cdn.tailwindcss.com"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css">
</head>
<body>
<div class="portrait:hidden">
<!-- Elemen ini tidak muncul jika perangkat dalam mode portrait -->
</div>
<div class="landscape:hidden">
<p>Putar perangkat Anda ke mode landscape untuk melihat konten ini.</p>
</div>
</body>
</html>
7. print (Tampilan saat Dicetak)
Gunakan print:hidden untuk menyembunyikan elemen saat halaman dicetak.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Tailwind CSS</title>
<script src="https://cdn.tailwindcss.com"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css">
</head>
<body>
<article class="print:hidden">
<h1>Resep Rahasia Pizza</h1>
</article>
<div class="hidden print:block">
Ini hanya muncul saat halaman dicetak.
</div>
</body>
</html>
berikut hasilnya:
8. @supports (Cek Dukungan Browser untuk Fitur Tertentu)
Gunakan supports-[...] untuk mengubah gaya berdasarkan apakah browser mendukung fitur tertentu.
<div class="supports-[display:grid]:grid">
<!-- Jika browser mendukung CSS Grid, gunakan grid -->
</div>
<div class="not-supports-[display:grid]:flex">
<!-- Jika browser TIDAK mendukung CSS Grid, gunakan flexbox -->
</div>
9. @starting-style (Gaya Awal Saat Elemen Ditampilkan)
Gunakan starting:... untuk menentukan tampilan awal elemen sebelum transisi atau saat baru muncul.
<div popover id="my-popover" class="opacity-0 starting:open:opacity-0">
<!-- Popover ini awalnya transparan -->
</div>
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198. Belajar Tailwind CSS Lanjutan #199 Forced-color-adjust di Tailwind CSS
