Konsep Inti: Menambahkan Gaya Kustom di Tailwind
Inti Utamanya:
Tailwind CSS dibuat agar bisa mudah diubah dan disesuaikan. Jadi, ketika kamu butuh sesuatu yang nggak disediakan langsung oleh Tailwind, kamu tetap bisa nambahin gaya (style) sendiri tanpa harus melawan cara kerja Tailwind.
1. Kustomisasi Tema
Kalau kamu pengen ganti warna, ukuran font, ukuran spasi, atau breakpoint, kamu bisa nambahkannya lewat CSS dengan @theme.
Contoh:
@theme {
--font-display: "Satoshi", "sans-serif";
--breakpoint-3xl: 120rem;
--color-avocado-100: oklch(0.99 0 0);
--color-avocado-200: oklch(0.98 0.04 113.22);
--color-avocado-300: oklch(0.94 0.11 115.03);
--color-avocado-400: oklch(0.92 0.19 114.08);
--color-avocado-500: oklch(0.84 0.18 117.33);
--color-avocado-600: oklch(0.53 0.12 118.34);
--ease-fluid: cubic-bezier(0.3, 0, 0, 1);
--ease-snappy: cubic-bezier(0.2, 0, 0, 1);
}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Adding custom styles</title>
<script src="https://cdn.tailwindcss.com"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="app.css">
</head>
<body>
<div class="text-lg font-[var(--font-display)] text-[var(--color-avocado-600)]">
Teks dengan font dan warna kustom
</div>
</body>
</html>
berikut hasilnya:
2. Menggunakan Nilai Arbitrer (Arbitrary Values)
Kalau kamu butuh nilai yang nggak ada di Tailwind, misalnya top: 117px, kamu bisa tulis langsung dengan kurung siku [].
Contoh Dasar:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Adding custom styles</title>
<script src="https://cdn.tailwindcss.com"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="app.css">
</head>
<body>
<div class="relative top-[117px] bg-blue-200 p-4">
Elemen ini punya jarak atas 117px
</div>
</body>
</html>
berikut hasilnya:
Contoh dengan Responsive (lg:):
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Adding custom styles</title>
<script src="https://cdn.tailwindcss.com"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="app.css">
</head>
<body>
<div class="relative top-[117px] lg:top-[344px] bg-blue-300 p-4">
Top 117px di mobile, 344px di layar besar
</div>
</body>
</html>
berikut hasilnya:
Contoh Background, Font, Pseudo Element:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Adding custom styles</title>
<script src="https://cdn.tailwindcss.com"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="app.css">
</head>
<body>
<div class="bg-[#bada55] text-[22px] before:content-['Festivus'] p-4 relative before:absolute before:top-0">
Elemen dengan warna background dan font kustom, dan pseudo-element sebelum teks
</div>
</body>
</html>
berikut hasilnya:
3. Menggunakan CSS Variable
Kalau kamu sudah punya CSS variable, kamu bisa pakai juga dengan format:
<style>
:root {
--my-brand-color: #ff5733;
}
</style>
<div class="fill-[--my-brand-color] w-10 h-10">
SVG atau elemen dengan warna isi dari variable
</div>
4. Arbitrary Properties
Kalau properti CSS yang kamu butuhkan nggak tersedia di Tailwind (misalnya mask-type), kamu bisa langsung tulis pakai kurung siku:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Adding custom styles</title>
<script src="https://cdn.tailwindcss.com"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="app.css">
</head>
<body>
<div class="[mask-type:luminance] bg-gray-200 p-4">
Elemen ini pakai properti mask-type yang nggak disediakan oleh Tailwind
</div>
</body>
</html>
berikut hasilnya:
Dengan Modifier (hover:):
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Adding custom styles</title>
<script src="https://cdn.tailwindcss.com"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="app.css">
</head>
<body>
<div class="[mask-type:luminance] hover:[mask-type:alpha] bg-gray-300 p-4">
Hover untuk ganti mask-type
</div>
</body>
</html>
berikut hasilnya:
Dengan Variabel:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Adding custom styles</title>
<script src="https://cdn.tailwindcss.com"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="app.css">
</head>
<body>
<div class="[--scroll-offset:56px] lg:[--scroll-offset:44px] p-4 bg-white">
Scroll offset berubah di ukuran layar besar
</div>
</body>
</html>
berikut hasilnya:
5. Arbitrary Variants
Kalau kamu butuh variasi pseudo-class/selector yang nggak umum, kamu bisa pakai arbitrary variant:
Contoh:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Adding custom styles</title>
<script src="https://cdn.tailwindcss.com"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="app.css">
</head>
<body>
<ul role="list" class="space-y-2">
<li class="lg:[&:nth-child(-n+3)]:hover:underline">Item 1</li>
<li class="lg:[&:nth-child(-n+3)]:hover:underline">Item 2</li>
<li class="lg:[&:nth-child(-n+3)]:hover:underline">Item 3</li>
<li class="lg:[&:nth-child(-n+3)]:hover:underline">Item 4</li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>
berikut hasilnya:
6. Mengatur Spasi dengan Underscore (_)
Kalau kamu butuh nilai CSS yang mengandung spasi (misalnya grid-template-columns: 1fr 500px 2fr), ubah spasi jadi _.
Contoh:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Adding custom styles</title>
<script src="https://cdn.tailwindcss.com"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="app.css">
</head>
<body>
<div class="grid grid-cols-[1fr_500px_2fr] gap-4">
<div class="bg-red-200">1</div>
<div class="bg-green-200">2</div>
<div class="bg-blue-200">3</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
berikut hasilnya:
7. Gunakan Underscore di URL
Tailwind akan tetap menyimpan underscore di tempat-tempat seperti URL:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Adding custom styles</title>
<script src="https://cdn.tailwindcss.com"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="app.css">
</head>
<body>
<div class="bg-[url('/what_a_rush.png')] h-64 bg-cover">
Background dengan nama file mengandung underscore
</div>
</body>
</html>
berikut hasilnya:
Kalau Kamu Perlu Escape Underscore:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Adding custom styles</title>
<script src="https://cdn.tailwindcss.com"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="app.css">
</head>
<body>
<div class="before:content-['hello\\_world'] relative before:absolute before:top-0">
Pseudo-element dengan underscore di teks
</div>
</body>
</html>
berikut hasilnya:
Di JSX:
<div className={String.raw`before:content-['hello\_world']`}>
JSX version
</div>
8. Menyelesaikan Ambiguitas
Tailwind bisa membedakan text-[22px] sebagai ukuran font, dan text-[#bada55] sebagai warna. Tapi untuk variabel CSS, kamu bisa bantu Tailwind dengan menambahkan tipe datanya.
Contoh:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Adding custom styles</title>
<script src="https://cdn.tailwindcss.com"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="app.css">
</head>
<body>
<!-- Ukuran font -->
<div class="text-(length:--my-var)">
Font-size dari variabel
</div>
<!-- Warna -->
<div class="text-(color:--my-var)">
Warna teks dari variabel
</div>
</body>
</html>
berikut hasilnya:
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