1. @import
Penjelasan Singkat:
Digunakan untuk mengimpor file CSS lain, termasuk file Tailwind itu sendiri.
Contoh:
@import "tailwindcss";
Ini artinya kamu memasukkan seluruh Tailwind ke dalam file CSS-mu.
2. @theme
Penjelasan Singkat:
Digunakan untuk mendefinisikan warna, font, ukuran, dan sebagainya yang bisa kamu pakai di seluruh proyek.
Contoh:
@theme {
--font-display: "Satoshi", "sans-serif";
--color-avocado-500: oklch(0.84 0.18 117.33);
}
Full HTML:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<script src="https://cdn.tailwindcss.com"></script>
<style type="text/tailwindcss">
@theme {
--font-display: "Satoshi", "sans-serif";
--color-avocado-500: oklch(0.84 0.18 117.33);
}
</style>
</head>
<body class="font-[var(--font-display)] bg-[oklch(0.84_0.18_117.33)] text-white h-screen flex items-center justify-center">
<h1 class="text-3xl">Warna Avocado</h1>
</body>
</html>
berikut hasilnya:
3. @source
Penjelasan Singkat:
Kalau Tailwind gak bisa otomatis mendeteksi semua file HTML/JS kamu, kamu bisa bantu dia dengan directive ini.
@source "../node_modules/@my-company/ui-lib";
Biasanya dipakai di proyek besar atau jika kamu pakai UI library buatan sendiri.
4. @utility
Penjelasan Singkat:
Membuat class utility baru sendiri yang bisa dipakai seperti hover:bg-red-500, dsb.
@utility tab-4 {
tab-size: 4;
}
Setelah kamu bikin ini, kamu bisa pakai di HTML:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<script src="https://cdn.tailwindcss.com"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="app.css">
</head>
<body>
<div class="tab-4">Teks ini pakai tab-size 4</div>
</body>
</html>
berikut hasilnya:
5. @variant
Penjelasan Singkat:
Menambahkan varian seperti dark: atau hover: ke CSS buatan sendiri.
Contoh:
.my-element {
background: white;
@variant dark {
background: black;
}
}
6. @custom-variant
Penjelasan Singkat:
Bikin varian khusus sendiri, misalnya berdasarkan data-theme.
@custom-variant theme-midnight (&:where([data-theme="midnight"] *));
Lalu kamu bisa pakai di HTML:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<script src="https://cdn.tailwindcss.com"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="app.css">
</head>
<body>
<div data-theme="midnight" class="theme-midnight:bg-black theme-midnight:text-white">Contoh</div>
</body>
</html>
berikut hasilnya:
7. @apply
Penjelasan Singkat:
Digunakan untuk menyalin utility Tailwind ke dalam file CSS biasa.
Contoh:
.btn {
@apply bg-blue-500 text-white px-4 py-2 rounded;
}
Full HTML:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<script src="https://cdn.tailwindcss.com"></script>
</head>
<body class="p-10">
<button class="bg-blue-500 hover:bg-blue-600 text-white font-semibold py-2 px-4 rounded shadow">
Klik Saya
</button>
</body>
</html>
berikut hasilnya:
8. @reference
Penjelasan Singkat:
Kalau kamu pakai Vue/Svelte/React dan pakai <style> terpisah, directive ini dipakai supaya bisa akses @apply, @variant, dll tanpa duplikasi CSS.
<style>
@reference "tailwindcss";
h1 {
@apply text-2xl font-bold text-red-500;
}
</style>
9. --alpha()
Penjelasan Singkat:
Fungsi untuk mengatur tingkat transparansi/opacity warna.
.my-element {
color: --alpha(var(--color-lime-300) / 50%);
}
Hasilnya warna lime 50% transparan.
10. --spacing()
Penjelasan Singkat:
Fungsi untuk menghasilkan nilai spacing sesuai skala Tailwind.
.my-element {
margin: --spacing(4);
}
Artinya: margin: calc(var(--spacing) * 4);
Contoh HTML:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<script src="https://cdn.tailwindcss.com"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="app.css">
</head>
<body class="p-5">
<div class="py-[calc(--spacing(4)-1px)]">
Konten dengan padding atas bawah sesuai spacing
</div>
</body>
</html>
berikut hasilnya:
11. @config dan @plugin (Legacy Tailwind v3.x)
Penjelasan Singkat:
Kalau kamu masih pakai Tailwind versi lama dan config-nya di file tailwind.config.js, kamu bisa:
@config "../../tailwind.config.js";
@plugin "@tailwindcss/typography";
Tapi kalau kamu sudah pakai Tailwind versi 4 atau lebih, ini tidak terlalu dibutuhkan lagi.
12. theme() (Legacy function)
Penjelasan Singkat:
Fungsi ini dipakai untuk mengakses value tema Tailwind dari CSS biasa (versi 3.x).
.my-element {
margin: theme(spacing.12);
}
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167. Belajar Tailwind CSS Lanjutan #167 Transition delay di Tailwind CSS
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198. Belajar Tailwind CSS Lanjutan #199 Forced-color-adjust di Tailwind CSS
